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1.
Braz. dent. sci ; 24(1): 1-7, 2021. tab, ilus
Article in English | BBO, LILACS | ID: biblio-1145462

ABSTRACT

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate mandibular osteoporotic alterations in patients with HIV infection in comparison to non-HIV-infected patients using panoramic radiographs. Material and Methods: 26 HIV-infected patients and 142 non-HIV-infected patients (control group) were included in this study. Panoramic radiographs of the participants were assessed considering mandibular cortical index (MCI). Non-parametric comparisons between groups were performed, using Mann-Whitney test, at a level significance level of p= 0.05. Results: HIV-infected patients presented lower bone mineral density (BMD) at mandible, assessed by MCI in panoramic radiographs when compared to non-HIV-infected patients. The medication intake of HIV-infected patients was highly heterogeneous and could not be associated to the low BMD presented in the mandibular cortex. Conclusions: HIV-infected patients may present lower mandibular BMD than non-HIV-infected patients. (AU)


Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as alterações osteoporóticas mandibulares em pacientes com infecção por HIV comparando-os com pacientes não infectados, por meio de radiografias panorâmicas. Material e Métodos: 26 pacientes infectados pelo HIV e 142 pacientes não infectados (grupo controle) foram incluídos neste estudo. As radiografias panorâmicas dos participantes foram avaliadas considerando o índice da cortical mandibular (MCI). Comparações não paramétricas entre os grupos foram realizadas, com o teste de Mann-Whitney e nível de significância de p = 0,05. Resultados: Pacientes infectados pelo HIV apresentaram menor densidade mineral óssea (BMD) na mandíbula, avaliada pelo MCI em radiografias panorâmicas, quando comparados aos pacientes não infectados pelo HIV. A ingestão de medicamentos de pacientes infectados pelo HIV foi altamente heterogênea e não pôde ser associada à baixa BMD apresentada no córtex mandibular. Conclusões: Pacientes infectados pelo HIV podem apresentar BMD mandibular menor do que pacientes não infectados pelo HIV. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Osteoporosis , Radiography, Panoramic , Bone Density , HIV
2.
Braz. dent. sci ; 23(1): 1-5, 2020. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1049968

ABSTRACT

Gardner syndrome (GS) is a genetic disease with high penetration characterized by a signal triad of colonic polyposis, multiple osteomas and mesenchymal tumors in the soft tissues and skin. The colonic polyposis is associated to the development of malignant disease. Patients may also present maxillomandibular alterations such as impacted teeth, supernumerary teeth, congenital missing teeth and odontomas. Bone lesions and maxillomandibular alterations usually precedes the gastrointestinal alterations; hence dentists should be aware of GS syndrome main radiographic signals, in order to detect the disease and proper referred the patient to medical treatment and surveillance. Thus, in this report, it is described a case of GS in a male patient, as well as discussed GS features.(AU)


A síndrome de Gardner (GS) é uma doença genética caracterizada pela seguinte tríade: polipose colônica, múltiplos osteomas e tumores mesenquimais em tecidos moles e pele. A polipose colônica está associada ao desenvolvimento de tumores malignos. Os pacientes também podem apresentar alterações maxilomandibulares, como dentes impactados, dentes supranumerários, agenesia congênita e odontomas. Lesões ósseas e alterações maxilomandibulares geralmente precedem as alterações gastrointestinais; portanto, os dentistas devem estar cientes dos principais sinais imaginológicos da GS, a fim de detectar a doença e encaminhar adequadamente o paciente para tratamento. Neste relato de caso é descrito um caso de GS em um paciente do gênero masculino, além de discutir as características da GS.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Osteoma , Bone Neoplasms , Gardner Syndrome , Radiography, Panoramic , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Diagnosis, Oral
3.
Braz. dent. sci ; 22(4): 546-553, 2019. ilus, tab
Article in English | BBO, LILACS | ID: biblio-1024862

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate the use of computed tomography (CT) as an osteoporosis screening tool, evaluating the relation between the bone mineral density (BMD) from maxilla and mandible with the cervical vertebrae, using the Hounsfield units (HU). Material and Methods: It was included in this study a convenience sample of 118 multislice CT examinations from patients who underwent maxilla, mandible and cervical vertebrae (C1 and C2) simultaneously scans. For each patient, the following regions on both sides of head CT scans were assessed in sagittal slice: above maxillary central and lateral incisors apexes; maxillary tuberosity; mandible head; mandible body endosteum; mandible body trabeculae and vertebrae C1 and C2. HU were measured in each area using a 0.5 cm region of interest (ROI) positioned in the center of the slice. Results: It was verified that there is a correlation between the BMD of the C1 and C2 vertebrae and the anterior region of the maxilla. It was not found correlation between the vertebrae, C1 and C2, and the other structures analyzed. Conclusions: This study showed that this method can be a good screening tool to diagnosis of osteoporosis, when evaluated the correlation between C1 and C2 vertebrae and anterior region of maxilla. More studies are necessary to evaluate the possibility of using CT as an osteoporosis screening tool. (AU)


Objetivos: Avaliar o uso da tomografia computadorizada como ferramenta de rastreamento da osteoporose, avaliando a relação entre a densidade mineral óssea da maxila e mandíbula com as vértebras cervicais, utilizando as unidades de Hounsfield. Material e métodos: Neste estudo foram incluidos uma amostra de 118 pacientes submetidos à exames de tomografia computadorizada multislice que apresentavam as estruturas anatomicas da maxila, mandibula e as vértebras cervicais (C1 e C2) simultaneamente. Para cada paciente, as seguintes regiões dos dois lados da tomografia computadorizada da cabeça foram avaliadas em corte sagital: acima dos ápices dos incisivos centrais e laterais superiores; tuberosidade maxilar; cabeça da mandíbula; endósteo do corpo da mandíbula; trabéculas do corpo da mandíbula e vértebras C1 e C2. As unidades de Hounsfield foram medidas em cada área usando uma região de interesse de 0,5 cm (ROI) posicionada no centro do corte. Resultados: Verificou-se uma correlação positiva entre a densidade mineral óssea das vértebras C1 e C2 e a região anterior da maxila. Não foram encontradas correlação entre as vértebras C1 e C2 e as demais estruturas analisadas. Conclusão: Este estudo mostrou que esse método pode ser uma ferramenta de triagem para o diagnóstico de osteoporose, quando avaliada a correlação entre as vértebras C1 e C2 e a região anterior da maxila. Mais estudos são necessários para avaliar a possibilidade do uso da tomografia computadorizada como ferramenta de rastreamento da osteoporose. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Osteoporosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Bone Density
4.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 17: e181211, 2018. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-970468

ABSTRACT

Aim: This study aim was to evaluate if patients with type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis have an increased risk of periodontal disease (horizontal and vertical bone loss) when compared to diabetic patients without osteoporosis. Additionally, to assess if patients with diabetes and osteoporosis have a greater risk of reduction of bone mineral density in the mandible, expressed by mandibular cortical index (MCI) when compared to diabetic patients without osteoporosis. Methods: 59 patients (39 diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis; 20 diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and without osteoporosis) were selected. Type 2 diabetes was previously diagnosed by glycated hemoglobin examination and osteoporosis by peripheral dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Mandibular cortical index, as well as the presence of vertical and horizontal bone loss was verified on panoramic radiographs. Adjusted odds ratio analyses were performed on presence of periodontal disease and MCI considering the effect of osteoporosis. Results: Absence of statistical significance between variables was found. Conclusions: There is no difference between the risk of periodontal disease or low MCI among osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic type 2 diabetic patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Osteoporosis , Periodontitis , Alveolar Bone Loss , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
5.
Braz. dent. sci ; 21(2): 220-229, 2018. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-906221

ABSTRACT

Objective: To assess the influence of type 2 diabetes on bone mineral density in a group of type 2 diabetic patients, in comparison with non-diabetic patients. Additionally, to evaluate the correlation between mandibular cortical index and bone mineral density. Material and Methods: 48 patients (24 diabetics and 24 non-diabetics) referred for femur and spine densitometry and panoramic radiograph examination were included in this study. Patients were diagnosed based on densitometric results of the total femur and total spine. All panoramic radiomorphometric measurements were performed by 3 observers. Differences in T and Z-scores between both groups were evaluated with Mann-Whitney test and non-parametric correlations between mandibular cortical index and T/Z-scores were carried out with Spearman's test. Results: Median T and Z-scores for total femur and total spine presented no statistical significant difference between diabetic and nondiabetic patients. In addition, only diabetics total femur and non-diabetics total spine T-scores were significantly correlated with mandibular cortical index. Conclusion: The present results suggest that type 2 diabetic patients have similar Z and T-scores in femur and spine when compared to non-diabetic patients. Mandibular cortical index, assessed on panoramic radiographs is inversely correlated with femur densitometry results in diabetics and spine bone mineral density in nondiabetic patients. (AU)


Objetivo: avaliar a influência do diabetes tipo 2 na densidade mineral óssea em um grupo de pacientes diabéticos do tipo 2, em comparação com pacientes não diabéticos. Adicionalmente, analisar a correlação entre o índice cortical mandibular e a densidade mineral óssea. Material e Métodos: 48 pacientes (24 diabéticos e 24 não diabéticos) que realizaram densitometria óssea de fêmur e coluna vertebral e exame radiográfico panorâmico foram incluídos neste estudo. Os pacientes foram diagnosticados com base nos resultados densitométricos do fêmur total e da coluna total. Por meio das radiografias panorâmicas, 3 observadores avaliaram o índice da cortical mandibular. Diferenças em T e Z scores entre os dois grupos foram avaliadas com o teste de MannWhitney e as correlações não paramétricas entre o índice cortical mandibular e os scores da densitometria foram verificadas por meio do teste de Spearman. Resultados: A mediana dos T e Z-scores para fêmur total e coluna total não apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significante entre diabéticos e não-diabéticos. Além disso, houve correlação significativa com o índice da cortical mandibular somente os T-scores de fêmur total do grupo de pacientes diabéticos e de coluna total dos paciente não-diabéticos. Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 tem densidade mineral óssea aferida por meio de densitometria óssea do fêmur e coluna total semelhantes aos não-diabéticos. O índice cortical mandibular, avaliado em radiografias panorâmicas, foi inversamente correlacionado com os resultados da densitometria do fêmur em pacientes diabéticos e da densitometria de coluna total de pacientes não diabéticos. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Bone Density , Densitometry , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Osteoporosis , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal , Radiography, Panoramic
6.
Braz. dent. sci ; 21(2): 247-252, 2018. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-906231

ABSTRACT

Stafne bone defect or mandibular bone depression is defined as a bone developmental defect usually filled with soft or salivary gland tissue. Lingual posterior variant incidence is less than 0.5%. We reported a case of an 80 years old Asian female asymptomatic patient who underwent routine panoramic radiographic examination and a radiolucent area in mandible was noticed as an incidental finding, with initial provisional diagnosis of traumatic bone cyst, aneurysmal bone cyst and lingual mandibular bone defect. The patient was then referred to multislice computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Computed tomography showed a hypodense area with discontinuity in mandible base. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a hyperintense image eroding mandibular body in contact with submandibular gland, which corresponded to fatty tissue and due to these imaging findings, the final diagnosis was lingual mandibular bone defect. Although the defect is a benign lesion and interventional treatment is not necessary, radiolucencies in mandible should be detailed investigated, due to their radiographic features that can resemble to other intrabony lesions. Imaging examinations can provide great defect details, especially magnetic resonance imaging, which can allow the identification of glandular tissue continuity to the mandibular defect.(AU)


O defeito ósseo do Stafne ou o defeito ósseo da mandíbula é definido como uma cavidade óssea geralmente preenchida com tecido glandular salivar. A incidência de variante lingual posterior é inferior a 0,5%. Neste relato, foi descrito um caso de paciente de paciente de 80 anos, etnia asiática e assintomática que foi submetida a exames radiográficos panorâmicos de rotina no qual observou-se incidentalmente uma área radiolúcida na mandíbula. Os diagnósticos iniciais foram de: cisto ósseo traumático, cisto ósseo aneurismático e defeito ósseo mandibular. A paciente foi encaminhada para realização de tomografia computadorizada multislice e ressonância magnética. A tomografia computadorizada mostrou uma área hipodensa com descontinuidade na base da mandíbula. A ressonância magnética demonstrou uma imagem hiperintensa no corpo da mandíbula, em contato com a glândula submandibular, correspondendo a tecido adiposo. Devido a estes achados imaginológicos, o diagnóstico final foi de defeito ósseo mandibular. Embora este defeito seja uma lesão benigna sem necessidade de tratamento intervencionista, as radiolucências na mandíbula, por conta de sua semelhança com outras lesões intraósseas, devem ser devidamente investigadas. Os exames de imagem podem fornecer detalhes do defeito, especialmente imagens de ressonância magnética, que podem permitir a identificação da continuidade do tecido glandular ao defeito mandibular.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Bone Cysts , Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal , Bone Cysts/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Radiography, Panoramic , Salivary Glands , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
7.
J. appl. oral sci ; 24(5): 518-523, Sept.-Oct. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-797982

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a disorder linked to the chromosome X long arm (Xq27.3), which is identified by a constriction named fragile site. It determines various changes, such as behavioral or emotional problems, learning difficulties, and intellectual disabilities. Craniofacial abnormalities such as elongated and narrow face, prominent forehead, broad nose, large and prominent ear pavilions, strabismus, and myopia are frequent characteristics. Regarding the oral aspects, deep and high-arched palate, mandibular prognathism, and malocclusion are also observed. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dental radiographic characteristics as described in 40 records of patients with panoramic radiography. Material and Methods: The patients were in the range of 6–17 years old, and were divided into two groups (20 subjects who were compatible with the normality standard and 20 individuals diagnosed with the FXS), which were matched for gender and age. Analysis of the panoramic radiographic examination involved the evaluation of dental mineralization stage, mandibular angle size, and presence of dental anomalies in both deciduous and permanent dentitions. Results: The results of radiographic evaluation demonstrated that the chronology of tooth eruption of all third and second lower molars is anticipated in individuals with FXS (p<0.05). In this group, supernumerary deciduous teeth (2.83%), giroversion of permanent teeth (2.31%), and partial anodontia (1.82%) were the most frequent dental anomalies. In addition, an increase was observed in the mandibular angle size in the FXS group (p<0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that knowledge of dental radiographic changes is of great importance for dental surgeons to plan the treatment of these individuals.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Tooth Abnormalities/diagnostic imaging , Radiography, Panoramic/methods , Fragile X Syndrome/diagnostic imaging , Mandible/diagnostic imaging , Tooth Abnormalities/pathology , Tooth, Deciduous/abnormalities , Tooth, Deciduous/diagnostic imaging , Tooth Eruption , Tooth, Unerupted/diagnostic imaging , Dental Records , Age Factors , Dentition, Permanent , Fragile X Syndrome/pathology , Mandible/pathology
8.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 15(2): 131-136, Apr.-June 2016. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-848237

ABSTRACT

A number of panoramic radiographic measurements have been associated with osteoporotic alterations. However, little is known about the differences in sensitivity and specificity among these measurements for screening low bone mineral density (BMD). Aim: To correlate and compare precision, sensitivity and specificity of panoramic radiomorphometric indices and fractal dimension (FD) for screening low BMD (i.e. osteopenia and osteoporosis). Methods: Sixty-eight female patients (42.78±15.59 years) were included in this study. Body mass index (BMI), mandibular cortical index (MCI), mandibular cortical width (MCW), FD and connectivity (C) were assessed. Low BMD was diagnosed by peripheral dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (p-DXA). Non-parametric correlations were assessed among all variables. In addition, sensitivity and specificity of MCI, MCW and FD were estimated for screening low BMD. Results: Significant correlation was found between FD and BMI (p=0.013; r=0.269). In addition, FD was the most sensitive method for screening low BMD (70.8%, p=0.001). FD and MCI presented a significant and relatively high sensitivity, whereas MCW presented a high specificity for screening low systemic BMD Conclusions: Among the analyzed methods, FD and MCI offer a significant and relatively high sensitivity, whereas MCW offers a high specificity for screening low BMD (Au)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Bone Density , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/diagnosis , Osteoporosis/diagnosis , Radiography, Dental, Digital , Radiography, Panoramic , Body Mass Index , Mandible/diagnostic imaging
9.
Int. j. morphol ; 33(2): 732-736, jun. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-755536

ABSTRACT

Debido a la importancia del diagnóstico precoz de osteoporosis, fue objeto de este estudio realizar la comparación de dos métodos radiológicos convencionales para la evaluación de la densidad ósea en mujeres posmenopáusicas. Fueron seleccionadas imágenes de radiografía panorámica y de radiografía carpal, correspondiente a 68 pacientes de sexo femenino, con edades comprendidas entre los 49 y 80 años de edad, realizadas en la Clínica de Radiología Odontológica, para evaluación previa a la colocación de implantes. Para la interpretación de la densidad ósea en la mandíbula a través de las radiografías panorámicas fue utilizado el método del espesor cortical mandibular (PMI). Para la evaluación de las imágenes radiológicas obtenidas por la radiografía carpal, fue aplicado el método de la radiogrametría. Se concluye que existe correlación entre la presencia de una baja densidad ósea a nivel mandibular observada en la radiografía panorámica en las pacientes de la muestra, con la baja densidad ósea presentada en la radiografía carpal.


Due the importance of diagnosis precocious of osteoporosis, this study carried out the comparison of two conventional radiological methods for the evaluation of bone density in postmenopausal women. X-ray images of panoramic and carpal were selected, corresponding to 68 women between 49 and 80 years old, obtained at the Clinic of Dental Radiology, for holding dental implant. The interpretation of bone density in jaw on panoramic radiography was the method to determine mandibular cortical thickness. The carpal radiography was evaluated for the radiogrammetry method. It was concluded that there was a correlation between low bone density observed in the mandibular panoramic radiography with low bone density on carpal radiography.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bone Density , Mandible/diagnostic imaging , Metacarpus/diagnostic imaging , Postmenopause , Mandible/anatomy & histology , Metacarpus/anatomy & histology , Radiographic Image Enhancement , Radiography, Panoramic , Wrist/anatomy & histology , Wrist/diagnostic imaging
10.
Clin. lab. res. dent ; 20(3): 160-165, jul.- set. 2014. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-730182

ABSTRACT

A ultrassonografia é um recurso de imagem para a finalidade de diagnosticar lesões e para avaliar o grau de vascularização intraóssea de tumores. No entanto, lesões intraósseas podem representar um desafi o devido à espessura de osso circundante que poderá impedir a captura do sinal de ultrassom. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a infl uência da espessura óssea na captura do sinal de eco dos vasos utilizando a ultrassonografi a. Hemimandíbulas maceradas suínas (n = 20) com espessuras ósseas diferentes foram adaptadas para receber tubos de borracha tipo CFlex ligados a um capilar de vidro, por onde água foi conduzida por meio de uma bomba para simular a vascularização sanguínea. A ultrassonografi a Doppler foi usada para avaliar o fl uxo de sangue na região do canal mandibular ao nível dos dentes molares. O teste t de Student foi utilizado para avaliar as diferenças entre as espessuras de osso das hemimandíbulas por meio de sinal negativo e sinal positivo do ultrassom. A reprodutibilidade e a confi abilidade foram confi rmadas para as análises. O sinal de fl uxo simulado foi capturado em ossos corticais com espessura na faixa de 0,2 a 1,0 mm (0.59 0.42 mm), mas não foi capturado a uma espessura superior a 1,0 mm (1.39 0.59 mm). Concluindo, a ultrassonografi a pode ser usada para investigar a vascularização intraóssea em áreas mandibulares com uma espessura óssea vestibular de até 1,0 mm.


Ultrasonography is useful to diagnose lesions, insofar as it detects the type of injury, and to assess the degree of vascularization of tumors. However, intraosseous lesions may represent a challenge, since the surrounding bone thickness could prevent ultrasound signal capture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the infl uence of surrounding bone thickness on the ability of ultrasonography in capturing the echo signal of blood vessels. Macerated porcine hemimandibles (n = 20) with different buccal bone thicknesses were prepared and adapted to receive CFlex-type rubber tubes connected to a glass capillary through which pump-driven water was conducted to simulate blood vasculature. Doppler ultrasonography was used to assess the blood fl ow in the region of the mandibular canal at the level of the molar teeth. Student’s t-test was used to assess differences between the bone thicknesses of hemimandibles with a negative and with a positive ultrasound signal. The presence of the echo signal in the simulated vasculature was assessed by ultrasonography. Reproducibility and reliability were confi rmed for the analyses. The simulated fl ow signal was captured in cortical bones with a thickness in the 0.2–1.0 mm range (0.59 ± 0.42 mm), but was not captured in those with a thickness greater than 1.0 mm (1.39 ± 0.59 mm). In conclusion, ultrasonography can be used to investigate intraosseous vascularization in mandibular areas with a buccal bone thickness up to 1.0 mm.


Subject(s)
Diagnostic Imaging , In Vitro Techniques , Bone and Bones/blood supply , Ultrasonography , Ultrasonography, Doppler
11.
Clin. lab. res. dent ; 20(3): 166-173, jul.- set. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-730183

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os tipos e as frequências de expansão basilar do seio esfenoidal e septos internos utilizando tomografi a computadorizada de feixe cônico. Imagens arquivadas de 300 indivíduos adultos de ambos os gêneros foram recuperadas. Foi realizada uma análise descritiva relacionando idade e gênero à expansão basilar do seio esfenoidal e a tipos de septos internos e frequências. As associações entre expansão basilar do seio esfenoidal, septos internos e gênero para cada grupo de idade foram avaliadas por meio do teste do qui-quadrado ou teste exato de Fisher. Entre todas as imagens avaliadas, 69% apresentaram expansão basilar do seio esfenoidal, das quais 81% foram consideradas críticas. Septos internos foram observados em 60% das imagens. Não houve relação entre presença de expansão basilar do seio esfenoidal, gênero e idade. Septos internos apresentaram-se independentes do gênero; no entanto, dentre os indivíduos com mais de 40 anos de idade, 36% tinham apenas um septo principal, 6% tinham septos acessórios, e 18% tinham ambos os tipos de septos. A tomografia computadorizada é um método preciso que deve ser considerado para a avaliação desse segmento anatômico a fi m de evitar a exposição desnecessária à radiação.


The objective of this study was to assess the types and frequencies of basilar expansion of the sphenoidal sinus and internal septa by using cone beam computed tomography. Archived images from 300 adult subjects of both genders were retrieved. A descriptive analysis relating age and gender to basilar expansion of the sphenoidal sinus and internal septa types and frequencies was performed. The associations between basilar expansion of the sphenoidal sinus, internal septa and gender for each age group were assessed using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. Among all the images evaluated, 69% showed basilar expansion of the sphenoidal sinus, of which 81% were considered critical. Internal septa were observed in 60% of the images. There was no relationship between the presence of basilar expansion of the sphenoidal sinus and gender and age. Internal septa were independent of gender; however, of the subjects older than age 40, 36% had only a main septum, 6% had accessory septa, and 18% had both types of septa. Cone beam computed tomography is an accurate method that should be considered for the evaluation of this anatomic segment in order to avoid unnecessary exposure to radiation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Anatomy , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Paranasal Sinuses , Sphenoid Sinus
12.
Clin. lab. res. dent ; 20(3): 174-180, jul.- set. 2014. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-730184

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a estabilidade de cor de três marcas comerciais de porcelanas dentais aluminizadas durante seu processo de queima. Essas porcelanas são utilizadas para a confecção de dentes de prótese fi xa. Para o experimento foram confeccionados 30 corpos-de-prova em forma de disco com 2 mm de espessura e 10 mm de circunferência, sendo 10 da marca AllCeram, 10 da marca Noritake Cerabien CZR e 10 da marca Vita VM7. As amostras foram queimadas 10 vezes. As leituras de cor foram feitas em espectrofotômetro de refl exão nos seguintes intervalos: após a 1a queima, após a 3 queima, após a 5a queima e após a 10a queima. As curvas de refl exão foram convertidas em valores LAB e a diferença de cor foi medida por meio do método CIELAB (E). Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que existe variação de cor e que essa variação depende do número de queimas realizadas e da marca comercial utilizada.


The purpose of this investigation was to quantify the color differences in CIE ΔE units produced by multiple fi rings of three all-ceramic systems used in the fabrication of prosthodontic teeth. Thirty samples of the following brands were fabricated: AllCeram, Noritake Cerabien CZR and Vita VM7. A spectrophotometer was used for refl ectance measurement of color after 1 fi ring, 3 fi rings, 5 fi rings and 10 fi rings. The results were converted into CIELAB units. Color differences (ΔE) were calculated in the CIE color space. The color differences resulting from multiple fi rings proved to be dependent on the number of fi rings and on the porcelain brand tested.


Subject(s)
Color , Dental Porcelain , Dental Prosthesis , Spectrophotometry , Tooth, Artificial
13.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 11(2): 116-119, abr.-jun. 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-654831

ABSTRACT

The development of oral implantology has led to the establishment of various image-acquisitionmethods as important surgical diagnosis tools, such as linear (LT) and cone beam computedtomography (CBCT), indicated for planning implant placement surgeries. However, there still islittle information in the literature regarding details on the difference between the accuracy of thesemethods. Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the difference between the accuracyof LT and CBCT in measuring ridge bone width. Methods: A sample of ten human skulls wasused, totaling 40 edentulous sites, marked with 2-mm gutta-percha balls in the buccal and lingualplates. Buccal-lingual measurements of ridge width were performed on the images of bothtomography types. Direct caliper measurements were used as control values, to which all LT andCBCT measurements were compared. Results: CBCT images showed significantly more accurateresults in comparison with the direct caliper measurements (p<0.05). Conclusions: CBCTproved more reliable than LT regarding ridge bone measurements for dental implant planning.


Subject(s)
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Dental Implants , Tomography
15.
Rev. paul. odontol ; 33(1): 41-44, jan.-mar. 2011. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-600414

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a presença de sintomas característicos da Síndrome de Eagle em pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular (DTM)...


The aim of this study was to assess the presence of characteristic symptoms of Eagle syndrome in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)...


Subject(s)
Facial Pain , Signs and Symptoms , Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome
16.
Braz. oral res ; 24(4): 467-474, Oct.-Dec. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-569228

ABSTRACT

There are many limitations to image acquisition, using conventional radiography, of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) region. The Computed Tomography (CT) scan is a better option, due to its higher accuracy, for purposes of diagnosis, surgical planning and treatment of bone injuries. The aim of the present study was to analyze two protocols of cone beam computed tomography for the evaluation of simulated mandibular condyle bone lesions. Spherical lesions were simulated in 30 dry mandibular condyles, using dentist drills and drill bits sizes 1, 3 and 6. Each of the mandibular condyles was submitted to cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) using two protocols: 1) axial, coronal and sagittal multiplanar reconstruction (MPR); and 2) sagittal plus coronal slices throughout the longitudinal axis of the mandibular condyles. For these protocols, 2 observers analyzed the CBCT images independently, regarding the presence or not of injuries. Only one of the observers, however, performed on 2 different occasions. The results were compared to the gold standard, evaluating the percentage of agreement, degree of accuracy of CBCT protocols and observers' examination. The z test was used for the statistical analysis. The results showed there were no statistically significant differences between the 2 protocols. There was greater difficulty in the assessment of small-size simulated lesions (drill # 1). From the results of this study, it can be concluded that CBCT is an accurate tool for analyzing mandibular condyle bone lesions, with the MPR protocol showing slightly better results than the sagittal plus coronal slices throughout the longitudinal axis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods , Mandibular Condyle , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/standards , Mandibular Condyle/injuries , Observer Variation , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
17.
Temas desenvolv ; 16(91): 16-20, mar.-abr. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-519424

ABSTRACT

A síndrome de Rett (SR) e uma condição neurobiológica, descrita pela primeira vez por Andreas Rett. Desde então, grandes avanços nas pesquisas sobre a síndrome foram realizados. Porem, na área odontológica, pouco se conhece a respeito de suas manifestações bucais e manejo para tratamento. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar as condições de saúde bucal apresentadas por portadoras de SR e a necessidade de intervenção odontológica preventiva e terapêutica especifica. Foram estudadas portadoras de SR atendidas na Associação Brasileira de Síndrome de Rett (Abre-Te) de São Paulo. A coleta de dados utilizou, alem de questionário e avaliação odontológica, exame radiológico. O programa Epi6 foi utilizado para armazenamento e analise dos dados. Os índices utilizados foram índice de experiência de cárie (CPOD), índice de higiene oral simplificado (IHO-S) e índice de necessidade de tratamento (INTO). O bruxismo excêntrico diurno foi observado em 80,9% das pacientes, e o principal motivo para consultas odontológicas. Somente 7,640 das superfícies dentarias examinadas apresentaram-se isentas de biofilme dental, e 57, 1 % apresentaram sangramento gengival. O responsável pela higiene bucal das pacientes com SR e, na maioria dos cases, a mãe, que apresentou nível de escolaridade elevada e relata não ter recebido orientação profissional para realizar a higiene bucal de sua filha. As pacientes com SR não apresentaram condições de saúde bucal satisfatórias, e as características clínicas apresentadas dificultam a realização da higiene bucal, evidenciando a necessidade de implementação de programas odontológicos preventivos e terapêuticos específicos, alem da necessidade de formação e treinamento de profissionais capazes de trabalhar de forma multidisciplinar, com uma visão integral de seus pacientes e de suas necessidades odontológicas.


The oral health conditions of female patients with Rett syndrome diagnosis were studied and the necessity of specific preventive and therapeutic dental treatment was evaluated. Patients of Associação Brasileira de Síndrome de Rett (Abre-Te) were classified according to the clinical presentation and syndrome stage. Data were collected from a questionnaire about general and oral health answered by caretakers and clinical and radiographic examination (panoramic radiography). These data were loaded and analysed statiscally in the Epi6 program. The indexes for the oral health conditions evaluation were cane experience index (DMFT), simplified hygiene index (IHO-S) and dental treatment needs index (INTO). Bruxism was observed in 17 patients (80.9%) and it was the main reason for the dental visits. Only 7.6% of the dental surfaces were plaque free, and 12 patients presented gengival bleeding (57.1 %). The person responsible for the oral hygiene of the patients in most cases was the mother (n=17), who presented high educational level and reported have not been given professional advice to performe it. Although 14 patients did not show dental treatment needs, it increases with age. The diurnal excentric bruxism was the main oral manifestation. The oral hygiene conditions were not satisfactory and the clinical characteristics presented by the patients with Rett syndrome make the oral hygiene performance by the caretakers difficult. This fact stresses the necessity of the implementation of a preventive and therapeutic dental program as well the education and training of professionals capable to work in a multidisciplinary way and then to provide dental treatment according to the patients needs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bruxism , Oral Health , Rett Syndrome
18.
Ortodontia ; 40(4): 281-290, out.-dez. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-542777

ABSTRACT

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar um estudo comparativo cefalométrico radiográfico com o propósito de avaliar as mudanças no perfil tegumentar em casos com más-oclusões de Classe I, biprotrusos, tratados ortodonticamente com extrações de quatro pré-molares. A amostra constou de 56 radiografias cefalométricas de 26 pacientes leucodermas chilenos, com média de idadede 19,56 + 5,71 anos tomadas ao inicio e após o término do tratamento. Foram realizadas comparações entre os valores iniciais e finais ("t" de Student) e correlações (Pearson) entre as variações das grandezas analisadas por meio de análises estatísticas. Após a análise dos resultados concluiu-se que a espessura e o comprimento do lábio superior apresentaram aumento estatisticamentesignificante. No lábio inferior, somente a espessura do vermelhão do lábio inferior apresentou aumento significativo. Foram constatadas correlações entre os movimentos do incisivo superior e os movimentos do lábio superior e do lábio inferior e entre os movimentos de retração do lábio inferior e do incisivo inferior.


The purpose of this prospective cephalometric study was to evaluate soft tissue profile changes in biprotrusive Class I patients treated with first premolars extractions and maximum anchorage control. The sample was composed of 52 lateral cephalometric roentgenogram from the beginning and end of treatment of 26 white chilean patients (18 females and 8 males) with age average of 19,56+ 5.71 years old, treated with Roth straight-wire technique. Linear and angular cephalometric values in relation to thickness, length, lips posture, convexity of the skeletal and integumental profile, as well as incisors and alveolar profile posture were evaluated. After statistical analysis, the results showed that upper lip thickness increased in the vermillion and basal area. Lower lip thickness also increased in the vermillion area. Upper lip total length increased while lower lip length showed no change. Upper incisor retraction correlated with upper lip as well as lower lip retraction. Likewise it was verified that lower lip vermillion retraction correlated with lower incisor retraction.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Cephalometry , Malocclusion, Angle Class I , Orthodontics , Radiography , Tooth Extraction
19.
J. Health Sci. Inst ; 25(2): 153-156, abr.-jun. 2007. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-873701

ABSTRACT

Introdução - O objetivo deste trabalho é comparar a densidade em níveis de cinza de quatro filmes radiográficos: Ultraspeed, D, E e Insight (Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, EUA) utilizando processadora automática com roletes. Material e Métodos - Gráfico foi construído para os quatro filmes aplicando-se diferentes tempos de exposição. Um escaner foi usado para adquirir imagens de cada filme e um programa computadorizado forneceu os valores de densidade em níveis de cinza para cada um. Resultados - O filme Insight apresentou maior sensibilidade do que os outros, obtendo um aumento na densidade em níveis de cinza com tempo de exposição curto. Não houve diferença entre os quatro filmes radiográficos com tempo de exposição superior a 0,6 segundo. Conclusões - O uso do filme Insight (velocidade F) pelos clínicos deve ser seguido de uma drástica redução no tempo de exposição e em conseqüencia na redução da dose de radiação absorvida pelo paciente


Subject(s)
X-Ray Film , Physical Phenomena , Radiography, Dental , Radiation Exposure
20.
Rev. odontol. Univ. Cid. Sao Paulo ; 18(2): 143-148, maio-ago. 2006. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-550085

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The Stafne Bone Cavity was first described by Edward Stafne in 1942, who observed 35 radiolucent lesions in the mandibular angle on intraoral films. It was described as a elliptical depression on lingual mandible caused by an inclusion of the mandibular salivar gland, represented by these radiolucencies with well-defined border site below the inferior alveolar canal between the premolars and the angle of the mandible. Depending on the form, dimension and location, the differencial diagnosis can include since benign tumors to metastatic malign tumors. It is very important to have radiological findings to determine this situation, wich added with clinical findings, eliminates unecessary surgical interventions. Methods: This study described 3 different cases of patients who presented Stafne bone cavity and were submitted to different radiologic techniques. Results and conclusion: We compaired these findings to the ones in the literature and discuss the merits of the different radiologic techniques for establish the correct diagnosis.


Introdução: A Cavidade Óssea de Stafne foi primeiramente descrita por Edward Stafne em 1942, o qual observou 35 lesões radiolúcidas na região de ângulo da mandíbula em radiografias intrabucais. Essa cavidade foi definida como uma depressão de forma elíptica na superfície lingual do corpo da mandíbula devido à inclusão de tecido glandular, caracterizando radiograficamente uma imagem radiolúcida com margens bem definidas e presença de linha esclerótica. Dependendo de sua forma, dimensão e localização, o diagnóstico diferencial pode incluir desde lesões ósseas benignas e malignas até metastáticas. Tem-se por conseguinte, uma importância significativa na utilização de recursos imagenológicos em sua determinação, que aliados aos dados clínicos, afastam a necessidade de intervenções cirúrgicas invasivas. Métodos: Os autores descrevem 3 casos de pacientes que exibiram a Cavidade Óssea de Stafne, sendo submetidos a uma série de exames complementares. Resultados e conclusão: Os achados foram comparados aos relatados na literatura e os méritos de cada técnica imagenológica como auxiliares de diagnóstico foram discutidos.


Subject(s)
Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Jaw Abnormalities , Odontogenic Cyst, Calcifying , Radiography, Panoramic
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